 摘要： The high-quality development of cultural tourism is an important way to enhance the tourism industry and promote comprehensive rural revitalization. This article studies the cultural heritage resources of the Wuling Mountain Area from aspects such as key cultural relics protection units, museums, traditional villages, historical and cultural towns, agricultural cultural heritage, and intangible cultural heritage. It also studies cultural tourism from aspects such as tourist attractions and routes, summer resorts, key villages and towns for rural tourism, homestays, traditional medicine and health tourism, well-known trademarks, and cultural parks. This paper analyzes five major problems existing in the development of cultural tourism and proposes strategies such as promoting the in-depth integration of intangible cultural heritage and tourism, developing traditional medical and health tourism, strengthening intellectual property protection, and establishing a national cultural park in the Wuling Mountain Area.

 摘要： [Objectives] To analyze species composition, floristic characteristics, species diversity, and phylogenetic diversity of understory herbaceous communities under 15 woody restoration models. [Methods] This study was conducted using permanent monitoring plots in the Pingshuo open-pit mine spoil heaps. We analyzed the species composition, floristic characteristics, species diversity, and phylogenetic diversity of understory herbaceous communities under 15 woody restoration models after ten years of recovery, aiming to explore how restoration models regulate the coexistence mechanisms of understory herbs. [Results] A total of 49 herbaceous plant species belonging to 35 genera across 17 families were recorded across the 15 restoration models. The Asteraceae, Fabaceae, and Poaceae were the dominant families, while Artemisia, Plantago, and Poa were the dominant genera; the dominant species were Elymus dahuricus, Bromus inermis, and Poa sphondylodes. Different restoration models significantly regulated the distribution of herbaceous genera/families and the composition of dominant species. Different restoration models significantly regulated the distribution of herbaceous genera and families as well as the composition of dominant species. Cosmopolitan families and North Temperate genera were dominant, while at the species level, the floristic differentiation was characterized by the Mediterranean West Asia East Asia disjunction type and the Sino Japanese type. Species and phylogenetic diversity in mixed-species forests were significantly higher than those in pure forests (P < 0.05). [Conclusions] Pure forests exhibited phylogenetic clustering, whereas mixed-species forests exhibited phylogenetic overdispersion. The mixed forest of Pinus tabuliformis, Caragana korshinskii, and Hippophae rhamnoides was identified as the optimal restoration model overall, showing balanced and excellent performance in family and genus richness, species diversity, and phylogenetic diversity. The pure Caragana korshinskii forest was the poorest model, characterized by low species richness and poor stability. The mixed forest of Robinia pseudoacacia, P. tabuliformis, and H. rhamnoides can serve as a priority supplementary model for enhancing species diversity, while the mixed forest of P. tabuliformis and H. rhamnoides is suitable for scenarios emphasizing species synergy.

 摘要： [Objectives] To fully understand the status of Padus napaulensis resources in Tengchong City, thereby providing scientific evidence for the protection, development, and utilization of this species. [Methods] A comprehensive field survey was conducted throughout Tengchong City to record all P. napaulensis individuals. The collected data were statistically analyzed using Microsoft Excel 2007. [Results] The resource is sporadically distributed across ten townships in the south-central part of Tengchong, with a vertical elevation range of 1 400–2 200 m. The total area occupied is 29.117 ha, containing 6 988 standing trees. Several problems were identified: inadequate management leading to gradual resource shrinkage; low utilization efficiency resulting in a short industrial chain; absence of improved varieties causing high production costs; and high risks associated with fruit harvesting. [Conclusions] To address these challenges, the following strategies are proposed: enhance public awareness campaigns for resource protection; integrate ornamental values with fruit production to broaden utilization pathways; cultivate leading enterprises for developing distinctive products; and strengthen research on variety selection and advanced cultivation techniques.

 摘要：

 [Objectives] To develop a method for the quantification of six human milk oligosaccharides (HMOs) in milk powder utilizing ion chromatography. [Methods] The sample was dissolved in water and deproteinized through acetonitrile precipitation, followed by freezing and centrifugation. The resulting supernatant was then diluted and filtered before being subjected to separation using a PA1 analytical column. The sample was analyzed using ion chromatography coupled with an amperometric detector and quantified by the external standard method. [Results] The limits of detection (LOD) for difucosyllactose (DFL), 2’-fucosyllactose (2’-FL), lacto-N-neotetraose (LNnT), lacto-N-tetraose (LNT), 3’-sialyllactose (3’-SL), and 6’-sialyllactose (6’-SL) were 8, 100, 15, 15, 10, and 6 mg/100 g, respectively. Correspondingly, the limits of quantification (LOQ) were 15, 300, 50, 50, 30, and 10 mg/100 g, respectively. The method exhibited excellent linearity over the concentration range of 2–20 μg/mL (R²> 0.999). Spiked recoveries ranged from 82.5% to 104.9%, with relative standard deviations (RSD) between 0.44% and 2.78%. [Conclusions] The method demonstrates excellent selectivity, precision, repeatability, and stability, thereby offering a reliable analytical method for quantifying six HMOs in milk powder.

 摘要： [Objectives] To optimize the processing technology of Shatangju mandarin fiber oatmeal toast and to develop a nutritious functional baked product. [Methods] Using high-gluten flour as the benchmark, the effects of varying addition levels on toast quality were investigated through single-factor experiments, with Shatang mandarin juice, citrus fiber powder, oats, and butter as the primary variables, and sensory score serving as the evaluation criterion. Subsequently, the formulation was optimized via an orthogonal test. [Results] The optimal technical formula consisted of 1% citrus fiber powder, 5% oats, 12% butter, 70% Shatang mandarin juice, supplemented with 2% yeast, 1% salt, and 10% sugar. The optimal technological conditions were as follows: 60 min for primary fermentation, 30 min for secondary fermentation, baking at 195 °C for the upper heat and 185 °C for the lower heat, with a total baking time of 28 min. Toast produced under these conditions exhibited high sensory scores, as well as favorable texture and specific volume characteristics. [Conclusions] This technical formula enables the production of Shatang mandarin fiber oatmeal toast of high quality, offering a valuable reference for the development of functional baked goods and the comprehensive utilization of fruit by-products.

 摘要： Curcumin is a yellow pigment derived from the rhizomes of ginger family plants, characterized by two phenolic hydroxyl groups and a β-diketone moiety in its structure. As a naturally occurring antioxidant, curcumin demonstrates significant antioxidant capacity through the formation of stable quinones during oxidative processes. The transcription factor Nrf2-mediated signaling pathway serves as a critical cellular antioxidant defense system, preserving cellular homeostasis through regulated antioxidant responses. This paper summarizes the antioxidative physiological roles of curcumin, its regulatory mechanism on reactive oxygen species (ROS) via the Nrf2 pathway, and its current applications in fish feed formulations.

 摘要： There is a significant asymmetry in the allocation of educational resources between rural and urban areas, and across regions in China. Besides, general high school education, which serves as a bridge between compulsory education and higher education in China, experiences inadequate and unbalanced development across regions. In this paper, taking both static and dynamic perspectives into account, DEA and Malmquist index models are constructed to comprehensively evaluate the efficiency of resource allocation and total factor productivity of high school education in both urban and rural areas of China from 2007 to 2022, while a comparative analysis is conducted between urban and rural areas. The results show that the overall efficiency of high school educational resource allocation in China is inadequate, with rural areas experiencing lower efficiency than urban areas. Furthermore, disparities in resource allocation efficiency are distinguishable between urban and rural areas in the eastern, central, and western regions. Therefore, in order to enhance the efficiency of resource allocation in regular high schools, it is crucial to formulate an integrated planning for educational resource allocation in both urban and rural regions. In addition, technical guidance should be intensified in areas with inefficient resource allocation, and the evaluation system of resource investment performance must be enhanced.

 摘要： This article systematically reviews the molecular mechanisms of brain insulin resistance (BIR) and its role in Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, depression, anxiety disorders, and ischemic stroke. Research demonstrates that obesity triggers BIR by inducing chronic inflammation and metabolic dysregulation, which subsequently drives neurodegeneration through dysfunction in insulin signaling pathways. Current research still faces limitations such as inconsistent evaluation systems and unclear temporal causality. This review aims to provide a theoretical reference for the early prevention, control, and precision treatment of obesity-related neurological disorders.

 摘要： Addressing prevalent issues in Environmental Impact Assessment education, including the gap between theoretical instruction and practical application, as well as insufficient hands-on training, this study reconstructs an integrated teaching framework grounded in the Outcome-Based Education (OBE) philosophy. The revised course defines clear competencies for applied talent development and embeds ideological and political dimensions within the coursework. By incorporating up-to-date legal statutes and real-world cases, the approach employs diverse pedagogies, including case-based and project-based learning, within a four-stage instructional sequence: theory acquisition, case analysis, practical implementation, and oral defense. In addition, a multi-faceted evaluation system encompassing continuous assessment, practical performance, and a comprehensive final examination has been instituted. Practical implementation indicates that this reform significantly strengthens students' theoretical knowledge, practical skills, and innovative capacity, yielding substantial improvements in teaching effectiveness.

 摘要： Given the challenges associated with the molecular pathology and histopathology of aquatic animals course, namely its highly theoretical nature, complex content, limited teaching resources, and the ineffectiveness of traditional lecture-based methods, an analysis of the course’s background and practical requirements was conducted. Subsequently, a teaching case library was developed, and case-based teaching practices were implemented. The evaluation of the application effects indicated that the case library effectively stimulated students’ interest and initiative in learning, enhanced their theoretical understanding, problem-solving abilities, and clinical practice skills. Furthermore, the overall performance of students utilizing this case library was significantly superior to that of those in traditional teaching settings. The development and implementation of this case library offer a viable approach and serve as a reference framework for the reform of postgraduate course teaching in aquaculture.