 摘要： [Objectives] This study was conducted to obtain the best planting technology system of Dysosma versipelli. [Methods] The rhizomes of D. versipellis were selected as the propagation material. Experiments were conducted on one-year-old, two-year-old and three-year-old rhizomes to investigate the effects of hormone formula, soaking time, and growth years on the planting technology. [Results] The effects of various factors on the growth rate of D. versipellis ranked as hormone formula > rhizome age > soaking time (h). The optimal combination was A2B2C3, which corresponded to three-year-old rhizomes soaked for 12 h in a hormone solution containing BA 2 mg/L + NAA 0.2 mg/L. Adventitious roots of D. versipellis (including isolated adventitious roots and adventitious roots attached to two-year-old rhizomes) were also used for propagation, while also considering whether to add Shuangjier (GGR) solution, with soaking times in the GGR solution set at 4, 12, and 24 h, respectively. The results indicated that soaking the roots attached to rhizomes in GGR solution for 12 h yielded the highest growth rate. [Conclusions] This study not only provides technical support for the cultivation of D. versipellis, but also offers a reference for formulating corresponding Technical Operating Procedures (SOP) and establishing demonstration bases. 

 摘要： This paper summarized the technical regulations for protected production of netted melon in Yantai City, primarily including technical measures such as the environmental requirements of the production area, cultivation techniques, pest and disease control, harvesting, packaging, storage, waste management, and production records for netted melon grown in facilities. The technical regulations aim to standardize the protected production of netted melon and enhance the level of standardized and normative production technology.

 摘要： The delayed nitrogen application technology is a crucial method for achieving high yield and efficiency in wheat cultivation. Specifically, more nitrogen is supplied to the middle and late growth stages of wheat by adjusting the application time and proportion of nitrogen fertilizer. This approach helps improve the tiller-bearing percentage, increase the number of grains per ear and the thousand-grain weight, while also reducing nitrogen loss and enhancing fertilizer use efficiency. This paper systematically elaborated on the high-yield and high-efficiency cultivation technology system with delayed nitrogen application for wheat, covering variety selection, soil management, sowing technology, the principle and implementation methods of delayed nitrogen application, integrated water and fertilizer management, field management, and comprehensive pest and disease control. Considering the ecological characteristics of major wheat-growing regions in China, tailored technical solutions were proposed, and operational key points of critical technological steps were introduced in detail. Through scientific variety distribution, precise nitrogen management, and integrated pest control, wheat yield and quality can be enhanced while achieving cost saving, improved efficiency, and ecological environmental protection. This paper provides systematic theoretical guidance and practical references for promoting thedelayed nitrogen application technology in wheat, thereby supporting the sustainable development of China's wheat industry. 

 摘要： [Objectives] This study was conducted to investigate the mechanism of continuous cropping obstacles in Polygonatum odoratum. [Methods] Three treatments were established: continuous cropping (two consecutive crops), first-crop control (with Phaseolus vulgaris as the preceding crop), and blank control. The effects of continuous cropping on the functional diversity of soil microorganisms, soil enzyme activities, and soil nutrient coordination in the rhizosphere soil of P. odoratum during different growth stages were investigated. [Results] (1) Continuous cropping increased the carbon source metabolic capacity, Shannon diversity index, and richness of rhizosphere soil microorganisms by 3.2%-14.7%, 0.9%-3.5%, and 1.3%-12.5%, respectively, but the differences were not significant. (2) Principal component analysis indicated that during the middle stage of rhizome expansion, continuous cropping significantly altered the characteristics of microbial carbon metabolism, and the microbial communities utilizing carbohydrates, amino acids, polymers, carboxylic acids and amines as carbon sources exhibited vigorous metabolism. (3) Continuous cropping significantly reduced the activities of urease, polyphenol oxidase, and acid phosphatase in rhizosphere soil, with decreases of 24.4%-39.5%, 3.2%-14.8%, and 7.9%-18.2%, respectively. The activities of catalase and invertase sometimes exceeded and sometimes fell below those of the first crop, showing no consistent pattern. (4) Under continuous cropping conditions, nutrient imbalance occurred in the rhizosphere soil, characterized by nitrogen deficiency and phosphorus surplus. (5) Grey correlation analysis indicated that available phosphorus content, alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen content and polyphenol oxidase activity in rhizosphere soil were the main factors influencing microbial functional diversity. [Conclusions] This study provides a theoretical basis for understanding the formation mechanism of continuous cropping obstacles in P. odoratum.

 摘要： [Objectives] This study was conducted to investigate the impact of soybean intercropping on soil fertility in the planting areas of high-quality peach orchards in Shenxi Town, Zunyi City, Guizhou Province. [Methods] Soil samples were collected during the seedling, growth, and maturity stages of soybeans from both non-intercropped soil (control check group, CK) and soybean-intercropped soil (Qiandou 11, experimental group, EK). Analysis was conducted on soil fertility properties, including alkali-hydrolyzable N, available P, and available K. [Results] The impact of soybean intercropping on soil physicochemical properties was primarily manifested as the increased levels of alkali-hydrolyzable N and available K and the decreased level of available P in the soil during the seedling, growing, and maturity stages. Overall, this approach optimized and enhanced soil fertility in the peach orchards, providing a viable pathway for soil improvement in peach orchards located in karst areas. [Conclusions] The findings of this study provide a scientific basis for the high-quality development of high-quality peach orchards. 

 摘要： [Objectives] This study was conducted to investigate the regulatory effects of selenium (Se) on the content and balance of endogenous hormones and the function of antioxidant system during seed development in red sandalwood (Pterocarpus santalinus). [Methods] Two basic treatments, seven single-fertilization treatments, and four combined fertilization treatments were designed. Sampling was conducted at 2, 5, 8, and 18 weeks after flower withering to measure the embryo abortion percentage (EAP), the contents of three endogenous hormones (IAA, GA₃, ABA), and the activities of four antioxidant enzymes (CAT, APX, SOD, GR). [Results] Se application significantly inhibited embryo abortion in red sandalwood, with Na₂SeO₃ (Se (IV)) showing superior effects to Na₂SeO₄ (Se (VI)) and far exceeding the efficacy of individual applications of KCl, H₃BO₃, CO(NH₂)₂, Ca(H₂PO₄)₂, NPK compound fertilizer, or EFOF. The combined treatment of Se with NPK compound fertilizer and EFOF (EFOF+NPK compound fertilizer+Se (IV)) was the most effective, reducing the abortion percentage by 77.8% compared with UMC at 18 weeks after flower withering. Se application significantly increased the levels of three endogenous hormones and the (IAA+GA₃)/ABA ratio in red sandalwood seeds (including the embryonic stage). In the optimal treatment, the (IAA+GA₃) content was 240.7%, 256.4%, 353.7%, and 502.9% higher than that of UMC at 2, 5, 8, and 18 weeks after flower withering, respectively. Se application also concurrently enhanced antioxidant enzyme activities, with all four antioxidant enzymes in seeds of Se-treated plants showing significant increases. Notably, the selenoenzyme GR maintained considerably high activity even at 18 weeks after flower withering. The embryo abortion percentage was highly significantly negatively correlated with IAA content and GR activity, identifying IAA and (IAA+GA₃) content as key hormonal indicators and GR as the core antioxidant enzyme, together constituting the central regulatory factors. The results indicate that Se suppresses embryo abortion in red sandalwood through a dual regulatory pathway: by elevating IAA and GA₃ levels along with the (IAA+GA₃)/ABA ratio to optimize hormonal signaling networks, and by enhancing the activities of antioxidant enzymes such as GR to alleviate oxidative stress induced by cool-season low temperatures. [Conclusions] This study provides a theoretical basis and technical strategy for precision fertilization and stress resistance management in the cultivation of red sandalwood. 

 摘要： With breakthroughs in data processing and pattern recognition through deep learning technologies, the use of advanced algorithmic models for analyzing and interpreting soil spectral information has provided an efficient and economical method for soil quality assessment. However, traditional single-output networks exhibit limitations in the prediction process, particularly in their inability to fully utilize the correlations among various elements. As a result, single-output networks tend to be optimized for a single task, neglecting the interrelationships among different soil elements, which limits prediction accuracy and model generalizability. To overcome this limitation, in this study, a multi-task learning architecture with a progressive extraction network was implemented for the simultaneous prediction of multiple indicators in soil, including nitrogen (N), organic carbon (OC), calcium carbonate (CaCO₃), cation exchange capacity (CEC), and pH. Furthermore, while incorporating the Pearson correlation coefficient, convolutional neural networks, long short-term memory networks and attention mechanisms were combined to extract local abstract features from the original spectra, thereby further improving the model. This architecture is referred to as the Relevance-sharing Progressive Layered Extraction Network. The model employs an adaptive joint loss optimization method to update the weights of individual task losses in the multi-task learning training process.  

 摘要： A novel CNN-Mamba hybrid architecture was proposed to address intra-class variance and inter-class similarity in remote sensing imagery. The framework integrates: (1) parallel CNN and visual state space (VSS) encoders, (2) multi-scale cross-attention feature fusion, and (3) a boundary-constrained decoder. This design overcomes CNN's limited receptive fields and ViT's quadratic complexity while efficiently capturing both local features and global dependencies. Evaluations on LoveDA and ISPRS Vaihingen datasets demonstrate superior segmentation accuracy and boundary preservation compared to existing approaches, with the dual-branch structure maintaining computational efficiency throughout the process.

 摘要： With the deep advancement of modern educational informatization, the micro-video teaching model has gradually become an effective approach for promoting the innovation and reform of experimental teaching, owing to its advantages such as intuitive visualization, repeatability, and flexible learning. This paper addressed the limitations of the traditional zoology experiment teaching model, which include insufficiently clear teacher demonstrations, limited class time, and the difficulty of accommodating individual student differences. Accordingly, we systematically analyzed the main characteristics, implementation models, and effectiveness of the micro-video teaching model in the Zoology Experiment course. We also discussed the primary challenges encountered during its teaching practice and proposed corresponding recommendations for improvement. This analysis aimed to provide a theoretical reference for the teaching reform of Zoology Experiment in normal universities.

 摘要： Food Toxicology is a core course for the major of food quality and safety. The teaching objective is to enable students to acquire the basic theoretical concepts of food toxicology, understand the toxicity and poisoning mechanisms of exogenous chemicals in food, and thereby achieve the goal of ensuring food safety. This article summarized the teaching process of the course, aiming to enhance students' awareness of food safety. Through the course teaching process, in-class experiments, and small topic presentation sessions, it establishes students' sense of responsibility from input to output in an all-round manner, in order to provide an objective basis for improving the teaching of this course.