 摘要： [Objectives] This study was conducted to investigate the alleviating effect of Phellodendri Chinensis Cortex extract on the phytotoxicity of pretilachlor in rice. [Methods] In addition to CK, Phellodendri Chinensis Cortex extract and pretilachlor with different gradients were added to the culture medium, and rice seeds with the same bud length were evenly placed in the culture medium. After 10 and 15 d of culture, the plant height and fresh weight of rice seedlings were measured and the alleviation rate was calculated. [Results] Ten days after application, the plant height of treatment 8 (pretilachlor:extract concentration ratio of 25:200) was alleviated with an alleviation rate of 21.72%, and the fresh weight of treatment 9 (pretilachlor: extract concentration ratio of 25: 400) was alleviated with an alleviation rate of 31.04%. Fifteen days after treatment, the plant height of treatment 6 (pretilachlor:extract concentration ratio of 25:50) showed a better alleviating effect, and the fresh weight of treatment 8 (pretilachlor: extract concentration ratio of 25: 200) exhibited a better alleviating effect, with an alleviation rate of 22.39%. Meanwhile, it was found that the extract of Phellodendri Chinensis Cortex could alleviate the increase of POD activity in rice leaves caused by pretilachlor. Meanwhile, it was found that the extract of Phellodendri Chinensis Cortex promoted the expression of CAT in rice seedlings, thus significantly increasing its activity and alleviating the toxicity of pretilachlor to rice. [Conclusions] This study can provide technical support for the screening and field application of plant-derived safeners. 

 摘要： [Objectives] This study was conducted to investigate the effects of lignin-based fully biodegradable plastic film on the growth and quality of lettuce under open-field cultivation conditions. [Methods] In this experiment, compared with bare soil, a polyethylene plastic film (PE) treatment and two lignin-based fully biodegradable plastic film treatments (LBF-0.01 and LBF-0.008) with different thicknesses were set to study the effects on the growth and quality of lettuce. [Results] During autumn cultivation in Shanghai, the thermal insulation performance and yield-increasing effect of the two degradable plastic films were consistent with those of PE film, and effectively meeting lettuce growth requirements, but treatment LBF-0.01was better than treatment LBF-0.008. Moreover, lignin-based fully biodegradable plastic film could significantly increase the contents of Vc, soluble sugar and carotenoids in lettuce, and treatment LBF-0.008 showed the best effect. It could be seen that under the experimental conditions, the two kinds of lignin-based biodegradable plastic films with different thicknesses could be applied to the cultivation of lettuce in the open field in Shanghai in autumn, and LBF-0.01 had the best effect of increasing temperature and increasing yield, while LBF-0.008 had the best effect of improving quality. [Conclusions] This study provides theoretical basis and technical support for the further application of lignin-based fully biodegradable plastic film.  

 摘要： As one of the world's three major food crops and an important economic and oil crop, soybean plays a crucial role in ensuring food safety. In recent years, there are many problems in soybean cultivation, production and processing. In view of this situation, this paper comprehensively expounded and decomposed the cultivation situation, existing problems, specific countermeasures and conclusions, so as to re-recognize them. This study provides reference materials for the sustainable and healthy development of the soybean industry. 

 摘要： This paper systematically analyzed the development status of sheep industry in Lubei region, and comprehensively expounded the scale and distribution of key industries, breed resources and genetic characteristics, feeding management status, disease prevention and control and veterinary services, and sheep product processing and sales. The research shows that the sheep industry in Lubei region has formed a certain scale, but there are some problems such as intensified resource and environmental constraints, unreasonable industrial structure, insufficient scientific and technological innovation capacity and market competitiveness to be improved. In view of these problems, this paper put forward some countermeasures and suggestions to promote the high-quality development of the industry, including establishing forage and feed system, promoting the adjustment and optimization of industrial structure, strengthening scientific and technological innovation and talent cultivation and introduction, and enhancing brand influence and market competitiveness, providing useful reference for the sustainable development of sheep industry in Lubei region. 

 摘要： [Objectives] This study was conducted to investigate the optimal preparation conditions and storage stability of camellia oil-based gel oil. [Methods] With camellia oil as the base oil, rice bran wax and monoglyceride as gelling agents, composite gel oil was prepared by the direct gel method. The effects of different mass ratios of rice bran wax to monoglyceride, amounts of gelling agent, heating time and temperatures on the oil separation rate and hardness of gel oil were investigated. The optimal preparation conditions were determined by a response surface optimization experiment, and the storage stability of the prepared gel oil was studied with peroxide value and acid value as evaluation indexes. [Results] The results showed that the optimal preparation process of gel oil was as follows: mass ratio of rice bran wax to monoglyceride 2:8,  addition amount of rice bran wax and monoglyceride 10%, heating temperature 95 ℃, and heating time 49 min. The peroxide value and acid value of composite gel oil stored at 4 ℃ and room temperature for 5 weeks both showed an upward trend, and the acid value of gel oil differed significantly at different storage temperatures, which showed that the cold storage environment was more suitable for the gel oil. Compared with the gel oil prepared by single gelling agent, the  camellia oil-based gel oil prepared by compounding rice bran wax and monoglyceride had lower oil separation rate and moderate hardness. [Conclusions] This study lays a theoretical foundation for developing new gel oil and expanding the application scope of camellia oil.

 摘要： [Objectives] This study was conducted to solve the problems of heavy beany smell and serious whey precipitation of soy yogurt products. [Methods] Soybeans were selected as the raw material, which was soaked and ground, and different strains were used to ferment soy yogurt. The effects of single-strain and mixed-strain fermentation on the quality of soy yogurt were compared, and the optimal process conditions for fermenting soy yogurt were optimized. [Results] The quality of soy yogurt fermented by the mixed strain of Bifidobacterium bifidum and Lactobacillus casei was better than other single-strain fermentation and mixed-strain fermentation, and the best fermentation process adopted following parameters: 2% of inoculum ratio, 8% of carbon source including sucrose, lactose and glucose in equal proportion, and fermentation time 10 h. Under these conditions, the soy yogurt had a higher sensory score, the best stability, low beany smell and the mildest flavor. [Conclusions] This study provides a theoretical basis for developing high-quality soy yogurt. 

 摘要： There are many factors affecting the quality of fruit and vegetable agricultural products, such as environmental factors and agricultural management measures. The influencing factors and quality evaluation methods of fruit and vegetable agricultural products were summarized, and its development trends were prospected. 

 摘要： In order to further promote the chestnut industrial chain, a large number of chestnut byproducts (chestnut leaves, chestnut shells, chestnut flowers, etc.) are produced every year. These chestnut byproducts will be comprehensively developed and utilized in different degrees, such as in-depth research and development in the fields of animal husbandry, agriculture, and cosmetics, so as to achieve the effects of accelerating the high-quality development of chestnut industry, realizing the green cycle of resources, reducing waste and promoting the development of rural industries.

 摘要： [Objectives] This study was conducted to investigate the effects of different potash regimes on the leaf structure and some physiological and biochemical and agronomic traits of flue-cured tobacco. [Methods] JSZX-09-011F1, a new strain of flue-cured tobacco, was selected as the experimental material, and the effects of different quantities and modes of application on the leaf structure and certain physiological and agronomic traits of flue-cured tobacco were investigated. [Results] The K treatment was superior to zero K treatment on all indicators. Decreasing potassium appropriately (360 kg/hm2) and postponing potassium application (in a ratio of basal fertilizer to topdressing fertilizer of 3:7) were advantagous. In specific, (1) it improved the canopy structure and increased penetration of light to lower levels, narrowing the angles between leaf and stem of the middle leaves and of the plant as a whole, with a reduction of 1.76° and 2.58° respectively compared with high basal potassium treatment. Meanwhile, it shortened the internode length, which is conducive to improvement in the structure of the leaf. (2) Increasing the proportion of potash top dressing made possible a distinct reduction in potash fertilizer input, but this measure did not have any effect on the potassium content in the middle and upper leaves in the later stage of growth (from vigorous growth to maturity), and chlorophyll content in the canopy increased with the increase in the proportion of top dressing. (3) At appropriate potash application levels, as top dressing proportions rose, nicotine content tended to decrease. (4) A potassium postponing regime with less basal application and more top-dressing was not only able to save 90 kg of potash per hectare, but also advantageous to nitrogen-potassium balance and late stage potassium effectiveness, ultimately achieving a balance between yield and quality and obtaining higher output value. [Conclusions] This study lays a foundation for the research on suitable application period and quantity of potassium fertilizer.

 摘要： [Objectives] This study was conducted to investigate the physicochemical and functional properties of soluble dietary fiber (SDF) from apple pomace. [Methods] Soluble dietary fiber (SDF) from apple pomace was extracted by direct water extraction (W), lactic acid bacteria fermentation (F) and steam explosion (SE) respectively, and the extraction methods and physicochemical and functional characteristics were compared and analyzed. [Results] The solubility, water holding capacities, oil holding capacities and swelling capacities of W-SDF, F-SDF and SE-SDF were (2.13, 3.95 and 5.13 g/g), (9.02, 13.75 and 15.88 g/g), (2.13, 4.08 and 5.11 g/g), and (10.82, 14.03 and 15.77 ml/g), respectively. Their emulsifying activity, emulsifying stability and least gelation concentration were (30.28, 47.95 and 58.72 ml/100 ml), (37.88, 45.25 and 57.13 ml/100 ml), and (12.11, 11.25 and 9.87%), respectively. The adsorption capacities of W-SDF, F-SDF and SE-SDF for heavy metals (Pb, As and Cu) in the intestinal environment (pH 7) were (162.7, 183.5 and 197.3 μmol/g), (132.8, 156.7 and 168.9 μmol/g), and (57.2, 63.5 and 89.2 μmol/g) respectively. In the gastric environment (pH 2), they were (72.8, 110.5, 138.9 μmol/g), (82.1, 112.5, 135.7 μmol/g), and (38.9, 42.7, 55.1 μmol/g) respectively. [Conclusions] The study can provide a theoretical basis for functional modification and comprehensive utilization of dietary fiber from apple pomace.