| 刊名 | Journal of Landscape Research |
| 作者 | QI Zizhuo, YANG Xin |
| 作者单位 | School of Architecture and Art, North China University of Technology, Beijing 100144, China |
| DOI | 10.16785/j.issn 1943-989x.2024.3.001 |
| 年份 | 2024 |
| 刊期 | 3 |
| 页码 | 1-7 |
| 关键词 | Traditional cave dwellings in northern Shaanxi, Urban spatial form, Outdoor thermal environment |
| 摘要 | A multitude of climate-adaptive design approaches are embedded in regional architecture, which have a positive impact on addressing the deformed development of urban spatial patterns and the dual challenges of climate and resources. This paper examines the principles of climate adaptability embedded in the site layout and spatial organization characteristics of traditional cave dwelling villages in northern Shaanxi Province. The extracted climate adaptability principles are summarized, and the resulting design strategies that are well-suited to the contemporary urban space form are presented. Through analysis, it can be observed that traditional cave dwelling villages in northern Shaanxi are predominantly situated on south-facing slopes in proximity to water at low altitudes. These villages are characterized by compact building groups and east-west development, which is constrained by the elements of mountains and rivers. A two-level street system is generated, comprising streets parallel to the contour line and roadways perpendicular to the contour line. This results in the formation of a courtyard form enclosed by mountains. Such site layout and spatial organization exhibit excellent climate adaptability with regard to heat, ventilation, and wind storage. In light of the aforementioned considerations, the following urban spatial form design strategies are put forth: ① the topographic height difference can be exploited to obtain sufficient sunshine; ② the group shape can be optimized in order to reduce building energy consumption; ③ the best orientation of the building can be chosen to take account of both winter and summer conditions; ④ the height and length can be combined in order to form natural masking; ⑤ the D/H ratio of streets and roadways should be controlled to achieve a balance between heat gain and cooling of groups; ⑥ vents should be set appropriately to optimize group ventilation; ⑦climate buffers should be established to increase the level of climate response. |
