| 刊名 | Journal of Landscape Research |
| 作者 | YANG Xin1, YUE Wenyu1, HE Yuhao2*, MA Xin1 |
| 作者单位 | 1. School of Architecture and Art, North China University of Technology, Beijing 100144, China; 2. Management Office of Beijing Ming Tombs Forest Farm, Beijing 102209, China |
| DOI | 10.16785/j.issn 1943-989x.2025.3.011 |
| 年份 | 2025 |
| 刊期 | 3 |
| 页码 | 59-64 |
| 关键词 | Multi-source data fusion, GIS heat map, Kernel density analysis, bird-watching spot planning, Habitat suitability |
| 摘要 | Taking the Ming Tombs Forest Farm in Beijing as the research object, this research applied multi-source data fusion and GIS heat-map overlay analysis techniques, systematically collected bird observation point data from the Global Biodiversity Information Facility (GBIF), population distribution data from the Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL) in the United States, as well as information on the composition of tree species in suitable forest areas for birds and the forest geographical information of the Ming Tombs Forest Farm, which is based on literature research and field investigations. By using GIS technology, spatial processing was carried out on bird observation points and population distribution data to identify suitable bird-watching areas in different seasons. Then, according to the suitability value range, these areas were classified into different grades (from unsuitable to highly suitable). The research findings indicated that there was significant spatial heterogeneity in the bird-watching suitability of the Ming Tombs Forest Farm. The north side of the reservoir was generally a core area with high suitability in all seasons. The deep-aged broad-leaved mixed forests supported the overlapping co-existence of the ecological niches of various bird species, such as the Zosterops simplex and Urocissa erythrorhyncha. In contrast, the shallow forest-edge coniferous pure forests and mixed forests were more suitable for specialized species like Carduelis sinica. The southern urban area and the core area of the mausoleums had relatively low suitability due to ecological fragmentation or human interference. Based on these results, this paper proposed a three-level protection framework of “core area conservation—buffer zone management—isolation zone construction" and a spatio-temporal coordinated human-bird co-existence strategy. It was also suggested that the human-bird co-existence space could be optimized through measures such as constructing sound and light buffer interfaces, restoring ecological corridors, and integrating cultural heritage elements. This research provided an operational technical approach and decision-making support for the scientific planning of bird-watching sites and the coordination of ecological protection and tourism development. |
