| 作者 |
Zhaojie XIAO¹, Kun CHEN¹*, Xuemin LIU², Yuefeng ZHAO¹,Tao JIANG¹, Xiaoxue REN¹, Xiaoyu FAN¹, Wei QIN¹,Mingjun ZHAO¹ |
| 摘要 |
Eastern Henan (including Shangqiu, Xiayi, Yucheng, Lankao, and surrounding areas) is located in the hinterland of the Huang-Huai-Hai Plain, with abundant light and heat resources and soil types suitable for watermelon growth. “Xiayi Watermelon”, as a National Geographical Indication agricultural product, is predominantly cultivated in the early-spring open-field small-arch-tunnel model, which is the leading high-efficiency cultivation system in the region. This model features low input costs and early market availability, maturing 25 to 35 days earlier than conventional open-field cultivation, with significant economic advantages. However, the spring climate in eastern Henan is highly variable, with frequent late spring frosts, strong winds, and intermittent rainy weather. In addition, long-term continuous cropping in traditional production areas and varying levels of standardized management among growers have led to prominent problems, including poor seedling quality, extensive temperature and humidity management, frequent malformed and cracked fruits, worsening soilborne diseases, and irrational water and fertilizer management. Based on the climatic characteristics, soil conditions, and years of field experiment and demonstration experience in eastern Henan, this paper systematically summarizes the standardized cultivation techniques for the entire process of early-spring small-arch-tunnel watermelon production, analyzes existing production shortcomings, and proposes corresponding optimization measures. The aim is to improve the marketable fruit rate, fruit quality, and yield per unit area of watermelon, and promote the green, sustainable, and high-quality development of the early-spring watermelon industry in eastern Henan. This paper provides technical references for watermelon cultivation in similar ecological regions of the Huang-Huai area. |
