| 刊名 | Agricultural Biotechnology |
| 作者 | Xiaoxiao KANG1,2,3, Yaming LIU1,2,3, Liying FAN4, Hai’e ZHANG2,3* |
| 作者单位 | 1.College of Horticulture Science and Technology, Hebei Normal University of Science and Technology, Changli 066600, China; 2. Engineering Research Center of Chestnut Industry Technology, Ministry of Education, Hebei Normal University of Science and Technology, Qinhuangdao 066000, China |
| DOI | DOI:10.19759/j.cnki.2164-4993.2025.06.001 |
| 年份 | 2025 |
| 刊期 | 6 |
| 页码 | 1-9 |
| 关键词 | Chinese chestnut; 14-3-3 gene family; Phylogenetic analysis; Codon usage bias |
| 摘要 | [Objectives] The 14-3-3 proteins are a class of highly conserved adapter proteins in eukaryotes that play a central role in signal transduction by recognizing phosphorylated target proteins and are crucial for plant growth and development. Chinese chestnut (Castanea mollissima) is an important woody grain crop in China. This study aimed to systematically identify the 14-3-3 gene family in chestnut and investigate their fundamental characteristics and functional clues, thereby laying a foundation for further elucidating the biological functions of this family in Chinese chestnut. [Methods] Using a combination of bioinformatics and molecular biology approaches, we conducted a comprehensive identification of the 14-3-3 family members in Chinese chestnut. Subsequently, we systematically analyzed their physicochemical properties, gene structures, conserved domains and motifs, gene duplication events, phylogenetic relationships, tissue-specific expression patterns, and codon usage bias. [Results] A total of nine 14-3-3 family members, designated CmGRF1 to CmGRF9, were identified and classified into two subgroups: epsilon (5 members) and non-epsilon (4 members). All CmGRF proteins were predicted to be hydrophilic. Phylogenetic analysis revealed a strong correlation between the clustering of CmGRFs and their respective gene structures, conserved domains, and motif compositions. Transcriptome data analysis indicated significant differences in the expression levels of different CmGRF members across various tissues and developmental stages. Codon preference analysis showed that CmGRFs tend to use codons ending with A/U, and their evolution is primarily driven by natural selection pressure. [Conclusions] This study provides the first genome-wide systematic analysis of the gene family in Chinese chestnut. The findings offer important theoretical insights and candidate genes for further research into the specific functions of these family members in chestnut growth, development, and stress responses. |
