| 摘要 |
Watermelon is a characteristic horticultural cash crop of immense economic value in China. China has consistently ranked first globally in both planting area and total production of watermelon. Domestically developed varieties hold a market share exceeding 98%, achieving self-sufficiency and security in seed sources. However, amidst the rapid industry development, significant challenges persist in watermelon breeding. These include insufficient exploration and utilization of germplasm resources, narrow genetic bases, severe varietal homogeneity, slow progress in pyramiding multiple resistances with high quality, inadequate mechanisms for translating research into practice, shortcomings in intellectual property protection for the seed industry, and a low level of industrialization for cutting-edge biotechnology. This paper systematically reviews the current state of watermelon breeding development in China,provides an in-depth analysis of the bottleneck issues confronting current breeding efforts,and, grounded in the practical production realities of major regions like the Huang-Huai-Hai area,proposes comprehensive strategies and suggestions focusing on germplasm innovation, breeding technology advancement, optimization of breeding objectives, innovation system construction, and intellectual property protection. This aims to provide a theoretical reference for shifting watermelon breeding from "quantity expansion" to "quality enhancement" and supporting the high-quality, sustainable development of the watermelon industry. |
