| 摘要 |
[Objectives] To elucidate the spatial variation characteristics and fertility status of soil nutrients in small-scale mountain tea gardens and to inform precise fertilization and nutrient management practices in these tea gardens. [Methods] Based on soil nutrient data collected from 72 sampling points in the tea garden in 2021, which covers an area of approximately 2.4 km2, the spatial variation characteristics were analyzed using geostatistical methods. Spatial distribution maps of soil pH, total nitrogen, available phosphorus, and available potassium were generated employing the ordinary Kriging interpolation method in Surfer 23 software. Furthermore, a quantitative assessment of soil fertility was performed utilizing the fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method. [Results] The majority of the soil in the tea garden was acidic. The average values for pH, organic matter, total nitrogen, available phosphorus, and available potassium were 4.66, 14.4 g/kg, 0.9 g/kg, 6.2 mg/kg, and 78.1 mg/kg, respectively. The pH exhibited the lowest coefficient of variation at 12.85%, indicating low variability. The coefficients of variation for organic matter, total nitrogen, and available potassium ranged from 31.94% to 49.88%, reflecting moderate variability. In contrast, the coefficient of variation for available phosphorus was 243.41%, indicating high variability. The distribution of soil pH and available phosphorus in the study area was relatively uniform. In contrast, total nitrogen content exhibited a spatial pattern characterized by higher concentrations in the western region and lower concentrations in the eastern region. Organic matter content displayed a spatial distribution pattern with lower values centrally and higher values along the periphery. The distribution of available potassium content was marked by several pronounced "elevations" and "depressions", with notably lower levels observed in the northeastern region of the garden. Total nitrogen and organic matter were the most significant contributors to the integrated fertility index (IIFI), each with a weight value of 0.29, whereas pH had the lowest weight value of 0.14. The proportions of tea garden soils categorized under IIFI grades I to V were 0.26%, 69.55%, 25.89%, 4.30%, and 0.002 2%, respectively. [Conclusions] It is recommended that the application of phosphorus fertilizer should be reduced in the study area, whereas the use of potassium fertilizer should be increased in the northeastern region. Additionally, the incorporation of organic and nitrogen fertilizers is advised to improve the soil’s capacity for water and nutrient retention. |
