| 摘要 |
[Objectives]To explore the effect of selenium (Se) on inhibiting embryo abortion and enhancing seedling cultivation quality of Red sandalwood (Pterocarpus santalinus).[Methods]Based on prior cultivation practices and experimental research,three categories comprising 13 forest soil nutrient management schemes were designed to investigate the synergistic effects of Se,NPK compound fertilizers,and enzyme-microbe fermented organic fertilizers (EFOF) on embryo abortion,winged pod development,and seedling quality of Red sandalwood.[Results]Increasing the Se content in the soil,particularly in the form of selenite/Se(IV),within one month following the harvest of Red sandalwood pods and within two months prior to flower withering,significantly reduced embryo abortion percentage (EAP),and consequently improved seed quality and yield per plant.The effect of Se application was markedly greater than that of the single application of nitrogen (N),phosphorus (P),potassium (K),boron (B) fertilizers,or organic fertilizers.Furthermore,when Se was applied in combination with NPK compound fertilizers and EFOF,these beneficial effects were significantly enhanced.When Se(IV) was applied individually,the EAP decreased by 62.4%,reaching 24.8% at 8 weeks after flower withering (compared to 65.9% in the unmanaged control,UMC).Following winged pod maturation,the percentage of empty winged pods (PEWP) declined by 65.2% to 16.8% (UMC:48.2%),the average individual winged pod weight (IWPW) increased by 69.1% to 0.690 g per fruit (UMC:0.408 g),and the winged pod yield (WPY) rose by 214.8% to 4.03 kg (UMC:1.28 kg).Additionally,the blasted seed percentage (BSP) was reduced by 51.2% to 29.9% (UMC:61.3%),and the 100-seed weight (HSW) increased by 96.0% to 8.37 g (UMC:4.27 g).Following sowing in the nursery,the seedling emergence rate (SER) increased by 6.57-fold,reaching 59.8% (UMC:7.9%).Additionally,the whole plant biomass of 6-month-old seedlings increased by 52.9%,attaining 1.56 g (UMC:1.02 g).The combined application of EFOF+NPK+Se(IV) significantly reduced the EAP,PEWP,and BSP by 56.5%,46.0%,and 56.3%,respectively,compared to the single application of Se(IV).Furthermore,these percentages decreased by 79.7%,78.9%,and 71.8%,respectively,relative to the single application of NPK compound fertilizers,and by 79.0%,74.5%,and 72.1%,respectively,compared to the single application of EFOF.Additionally,the SER increased by 34.6%,141.0%,and 287.0%,respectively,when compared to the single application of Se(IV),NPK compound fertilizers,and EFOF.[Conclusions]Enhancing the nutrient status of forest soils,particularly the concentration of Se(IV),constitutes a critical technical approach to improving the resistance of Red sandalwood to low-temperature stress during its flowering and fruiting stages,thereby preventing embryo abortion. |
