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最新文章
Species Diversity of Wood-Decaying Fungi in Karst Regions of Southwest China
摘要: [Objectives] To investigate the species diversity of wood-decaying fungi in karst regions of southwest China. [Methods] The karst core regions of southwest China, specifically Guizhou, Guangxi, and Yunnan, were investigated for the first time to analyze the species diversity characteristics of wood-decaying fungi in this area. This analysis was conducted through a comprehensive 5-year field investigation and systematic identification process. [Results] The wood-decaying fungi exhibited a distinctive species composition and distribution pattern within karst habitats, encompassing significant groups such as Polyporaceae and Hymenochaetaceae. Furthermore, these fungi demonstrated varying functional characteristics across the two ecological types of standing tree decay and wood decay. It was observed that wood-decaying fungi had a significant impact on the material cycle within karst ecosystems by degrading lignin and cellulose. Furthermore, the distribution of species diversity was closely associated with the characteristics of karst geomorphology and the types of vegetation. [Conclusions] This study not only addresses the lack of background data regarding wood-decaying fungi resources in karst regions, but also elucidates the maintenance mechanisms of fragile ecosystems from the perspective of decomposers. It provides a scientific foundation for biodiversity conservation, the prevention and control of forest diseases, and sustainable ecological management in karst regions.
关键词: Wood-decaying fungi, Karst landform, Species diversity, Ecological function, Decay type
Effect of Row Spacing Configuration Modes on Growth and Development of Xinluzao 63 and Amount of Residual Film in Agricultural Fields
摘要: [Objectives] To provide a reference for the promotion of appropriate row spacing configuration modes for cotton planting in the Bortala Mongol Autonomous Prefecture of Xinjiang. [Methods] Xinluzao 63 was employed as the research subject to examine the effects of three different configuration modes: three rows with one film, four rows with one film, and six rows with one film, on the growth and development of cotton, as well as on yield and the amount of residual film in the field. [Results] In comparison to the configuration modes of four rows with one film and six rows with one film, the development process in the row spacing configuration mode of three rows with one film was accelerated by 1-4 d. This configuration mode exhibited variability in several agronomic traits, particularly in plant height, the number of fruiting branches per plant, and the number of leaves per plant, with the observed trend indicating T3 > T2 > T1. Conversely, the height of the first fruiting branch node displayed an inverse trend. In terms of yield composition, no significant differences were observed in boll weight and yield among various configuration modes. However, T3 exhibited the highest boll weight at 5.68 g and a yield of 462.67 kg/667 m². Additionally, significant differences were noted in harvesting density and the number of bolls per plant. T3 demonstrated the lowest harvesting density at 1.11×104 plants/666.7 m², the highest number of bolls per plant at 8.63, and the highest boll opening rate at 97.48%. Furthermore, T3 also resulted in the least amount of agricultural film residue during the current season. [Conclusions] Among the three planting configuration modes examined, the low-density planting configuration mode consisting of three rows and one film demonstrated a significant advantage at the individual plant level. This approach yielded results comparable to those of the high density planting configuration mode while also reducing costs. Furthermore, low density planting positively influenced the cotton boll opening rate, leading to a decreased amount of residual film and promoting ecological health within the agricultural land.
关键词: Cotton, Row spacing configuration mode, Growth and development, Yield, Amount of residual film
Analysis of Causes and Recommendations for Premature Bolting in Huarong Large Leaf Mustard
摘要: A survey conducted on the premature bolting of Huarong large leaf mustard from 2018 to 2024 revealed that Huarong large leaf mustard sown in middle August was associated with a higher propensity for premature bolting. Furthermore, it was observed that the earlier being sown, the greater the rate of premature bolting when being sown prior to middle August. The rate of premature bolting observed in seedlings  sown on August 8 was recorded at 35.6%. It was noted that as the age of the seedlings increased, the rate of premature bolting correspondingly increased. There were notable differences in the tolerance of various cultivars to elevated temperatures and prolonged sunlight exposure. For instance, cultivars such as Zhangjie 1 and Sichuan Shaguodi, which exhibit greater heat resistance, did not demonstrate premature bolting when been sown in early August. The prolonged exposure to elevated temperatures, drought conditions, and extended periods of sunlight during the seedling stage of Huarong large leaf mustard, coupled with delayed irrigation and transplantation, contributed to the occurrence of premature bolting. The Huarong large leaf mustard, when been sown from late August to early September and transplanted at the appropriate time, exhibited normal growth and development, with no instances of premature bolting observed. It is advisable to select heat-resistant varieties, such as Zhangjie 1, prior to middle August. Huarong large leaf mustard should be sown in early to middle September. Additionally, it is essential to ensure centralized production and timely release of seeds, prompt transplantation and harvesting, and enhance the management of pests and diseases.
关键词: Huarong large leaf mustard, Premature bolting, Cause, Recommendation