 摘要： Based on the meteorological disaster data of low-temperature freezing damage from the results of the First National Comprehensive Natural Disaster Risk Survey in Anze County, and meteorological and freezing damage data in freezing damage events during the flowering period of F. suspensa from 2018 to 2025, the critical value of freezing damage during the flowering period of F. suspensa in Anze County was determined through analysis and research. Moreover, a freezing damage index was established based on the critical temperature and duration of freezing damage. By utilizing the freezing damage index and yield reduction rate, a disaster damage assessment model was established, and the expected value of historical payout rate was used as the pure insurance premium rate. The design of freezing damage insurance product for F. suspensa flowering period was completed, providing technical support for insurance companies to formulate scientific and reasonable pure insurance premium rates for agricultural meteorological disasters and carry out insurance work.

 摘要： Aiming at the problems of single meteorological monitoring elements and lack of specialized equipment in the current aquaculture activities, an automatic meteorological observation system for aquaculture based on STM32 high-performance processing chip has been designed. By building functional modules such as system initialization, data collection and quality control, and packet transmission, the system can collect real-time gradient water temperature, water quality, and other element data. At the same time, it uses mobile 4G and Beidou communication methods to upload messages to the data receiving center, achieving observation as application. Additionally, a comparative analysis was conducted between the operation data of the portable monitoring instrument and the automatic meteorological observation system for aquaculture, which preliminarily verified the accuracy of the data collected by the automatic meteorological observation system for aquaculture. The practical application effect shows that the automatic meteorological observation system for aquaculture runs stably, measures accurately, and transmits in a timely manner, which better meets the meteorological monitoring needs of aquaculture activities.

 摘要： Based on the observation data since the establishment of meteorological stations in Urad Rear Banner from 1974 to 2023, using meteorological data evaluation techniques, a comparative analysis was conducted on the observation data of the two station sites during the same period. The results showed that ① the mean for daily 2-min average wind speed at the meteorological stations in Urad Rear Banner from 1974 to 2023 was 4.4 m/s, which was 2.7 m/s lower than the average value after the relocation of the station, showing obvious periodic interannual variation characteristics. After the relocation of the station, the annual average wind speed was 2.2 m/s from 2007 to 2023, with a difference of 3 m/s in average wind speed between the two periods. ② After the relocation of the station, the days of strong wind decreased, and the days of strong wind in the new station site reduced by 57.28% compared to the old station. The largest reduction was in winter, with a decrease of 55.25% compared to the original site. ③ After the relocation, the dominant wind direction at Urad Rear Banner Meteorological Station was ENE. ④ According to the statistics of the average strong wind days at two meteorological stations, it was found that strong wind at Chaogewenduer Town Meteorological Station was mainly concentrated from April to June and October to next January, while strong wind at Urad Rear Banner Meteorological Station was mainly concentrated from March to June. The average strong wind days in winter decreased significantly, while the decrease in spring was relatively little. In addition, changes in wind speed and direction had a significant impact on local agricultural production, particularly on the risk of wind erosion and irrigation efficiency during crop growth seasons.

 摘要： As a new collaborative platform for university-government-enterprise cooperation,  meteorological science and technology courtyard has emerged with distinct features of localized adaptation, collective synergy, and grassroots engagement. It has created significant multidimensional value across economic, social, ecological, and theoretical dimensions. In practice, meteorological science and technology courtyard has achieved two major innovations: technological innovation—precise service technology upgrades; and service innovation—optimized supply-demand matching models. Looking ahead, meteorological science and technology courtyard can achieve high-quality development through three key approaches.

 摘要： Based on conventional meteorological observation data, radar data, satellite cloud images, microwave radiometers and other data, a rainstorm to heavy rainstorm process in Fuxin from August 19 to 21, 2024 was analyzed from aspects of precipitation conditions, circulation patterns, water vapor conditions, dynamic characteristics, and evolution of small-scale systems. The results show that during this precipitation process, the subtropical high was northward and stable. The low vortex moved eastward and northward along the edge of the subtropical high. The blocking high and the cut-off low vortex system were deep, and a short-wave trough formed in the middle latitudes. Cold air moved eastward to continuously converge with warm and humid air currents from the northwest side of the subtropical high over Fuxin. The low-level jet stream guided the moisture from the periphery of the subtropical high to be transported to Liaoning, and a water vapor convergence center formed in Fuxin. The upward movement was intense, which was conducive to the occurrence of heavy precipitation. As the system continued to develop, the low-level water vapor convergence center gradually extended to the upper and middle levels, providing the necessary water vapor conditions for the rainstorm. The strengthening and maintenance of positive vorticity in the middle and lower levels were the result of the coupling effect between the low vortex and the low-level jet stream. The mesoscale and small-scale convective systems all had the characteristic of backward propagation. In the early stage of the convection, the updraft movement was strong. On the infrared cloud image, TBB decreased significantly, and the cloud top height rose obviously. As the convective system developed, the newly formed convective cells merged with the mature cells, so that rainstorm cloud clusters continuously developed. The strong echo center was low, and the precipitation efficiency was high. Under the effect of the train effect, a continuous rainstorm process occurred in Fuxin. With the increase of atmospheric water vapor and liquid water content, short-term heavy precipitation appeared. At the same time, the changing trend of water vapor derived by microwave radiometer inversion was relatively consistent with that of precipitation. The continuous transportation of water vapor was a necessary condition for the occurrence of the rainstorm.

 摘要： By conducting literature research and field investigations on the species and distribution characteristics of invasive alien plants in the biodiversity conservation priority area of the Songnen Plain (Jilin region), a multidimensional risk assessment index system was constructed. A comprehensive evaluation method combining qualitative and quantitative methods was adopted to clarify the main invasive alien plant species and risk level classification in the region, and systematically evaluate their invasion risks. It could provide scientific basis for regional biodiversity conservation and invasion prevention and control.

 摘要： This paper discusses that soil and water ecology is a historical law of the Earth's evolution, and that the three major elements of water, soil, and vegetation, as well as their interrelationships, form a holistic natural view of soil and water ecology that "sees both forests and trees". The theory of soil and water ecology unifies ecology, environment, and resources, and is a common theoretical foundation in the field of ecological environment, laying a theoretical foundation for the establishment of an emerging interdisciplinary discipline called Soil and Water Ecology. The relationship between elements is expressed using the soil and water ecology equation E(x)=f(S, W, V)T, which is a conceptual representation of soil and water ecology. New quality productivity is green productivity. Under the background of new quality productivity, it should respect and conform to the laws of soil and water ecology, take green and low-carbon as the core, use Nature-based Solutions (NbS), and promote the protection, restoration and utilization of soil and water ecology. It is to address climate change, protect biodiversity, and achieve sustainable human development from the source. In this paper, the Nanling mountainous area in north Guangdong is taken as the research object. From the perspective of soil and water ecology theory, some suggestions on the protection, restoration and utilization of soil and water ecology in this area are put forward.

 摘要： This paper examines the traditional handicraft of Ru porcelain from a unique perspective on the relationship between meteorology and human agency. In this paper, the use of "blue after rain" glaze as a visual symbol of the Song Dynasty's concept of "interaction between heaven and man" and the aesthetics of power is analyzed. Using the theory of anthropological "practical knowledge", this paper reveals how the Ru porcelain firing technique constructs a technical system deeply coupled with local meteorological knowledge through bodily experiences such as "observing the sky, distinguishing the air, and adjusting the kiln". Furthermore, through the evolution axis of energy and kiln technology, the logic of the evolution of the "human atmosphere relationship" in Ru porcelain firing from a natural embedding mode of "conforming to the natural order" to a deterministic production mode of "de meteorologization" is outlined. The paper not only profoundly reveals the ecological wisdom contained in Ru porcelain as a material cultural heritage, but also uses this case to map the inherent tension of "technical efficiency" and "ecological perception" faced by traditional handicrafts in the transformation of modernity, providing interdisciplinary inspiration for re understanding the contemporary value of ancient material culture.

 摘要： Catalytic cracking experiments were conducted in a circulating fluidized bed reactor using a proprietary QTCC catalyst, with an F-T gasoline fraction and a reforming aromatic raffinate as feedstocks. The effects of reaction temperature and space velocity on product distribution and liquid-phase properties were systematically investigated. The F-T gasoline fraction, rich in α-olefins (60.57%), is demonstrated to be an excellent feedstock for light olefin production. At 630 ℃ and a space velocity of 1.5 h-¹, the yield of ethylene plus propylene reached 41.10%, and the yield of ethylene, propylene plus butylene was up to 50.04%. Increasing the temperature to 670 ℃ further raised the ethylene plus propylene yield to 43.37%, with a liquid aromatic content of 79.20%. In contrast, the aromatic raffinate, characterized by high saturated hydrocarbon content, exhibited lower reactivity. At 645 ℃, its ethylene plus propylene yield was 27.53%, and the liquid aromatic content was 34.10%. Significant differences in cracking performance were observed between the two feedstocks. The F-T gasoline fraction is highly suitable for the high-yield production of light olefins and aromatics, while the aromatic raffinate requires intensified reaction conditions for efficient conversion. This study provides experimental evidence and technical support for the high-value utilization of these two light hydrocarbon streams.

 摘要： In the teaching of natural science courses in ethnic universities, the traditional model faces common problems such as abstract content, single teaching methods, and disconnection from local needs. In this paper, for the Meteorology and Climatology course of Sichuan Minzu College, a three-in-one reform framework of "hybrid teaching - project-based learning - culturally responsive teaching" was constructed. This framework emphasizes student-centeredness, competency-based orientation, and cultural awareness-led guidance. It integrates traditional ecological knowledge into the curriculum system, and forms a systematic teaching reform plan by reconfiguring teaching content, innovating teaching methods, and reforming assessment mechanisms. The aim is to provide theoretical support and practical paths for the teaching reform of meteorology and related natural science courses in ethnic universities.