 摘要： Digital technology is a pivotal factor in developing new quality productive forces in agriculture and building digital villages. Using digital technology as a foundation to explore viable methods for these forces is an imperative for realizing rural revitalization and fostering circular agricultural development. This paper outlines the theoretical logic of how new quality productive forces empower digital village construction, focusing on accelerating smart village initiatives, promoting rural digital production, and developing unique local resources. Based on the practical challenges currently facing digital village development, it formulates several countermeasures. These include stimulating rural industrial endogenous motivation through urban-rural industrial integration, implementing actions to enhance rural digital governance, building a contingent of rural digital talent, and improving rural digital infrastructure. The aim is to provide insights for better leveraging the dynamic role of new quality productive forces in promoting digital village construction.

 摘要： This paper systematically reviews the development trajectory of rural e-commerce in China from the late 1990s to the present, categorizing it into three distinct phases: the embryonic stage, the growth stage, and the boom stage. It elaborates on the evolutionary process through which rural e-commerce, propelled by strong policy support, driven by market demand, and facilitated by infrastructure improvements, has progressed from providing information services to becoming a pivotal force in advancing rural revitalization. The paper summarizes governmental support measures encompassing policies, training, and logistics, while also conducting an in-depth analysis of the current challenges and opportunities, including infrastructure limitations, market competition, the digital divide, and the application of AI technologies.

 摘要： This study focuses on the talent supply-demand contradiction in grassroots employment under the Rural Revitalization Strategy. It systematically analyzes the internal and external driving mechanisms behind rural college students’ decisions to pursue careers at the grassroots level, exploring the "push-pull" factors and the guiding role of university counselors. Employing a mixed-methods approach combining literature review and in-depth interviews, the analysis reveals that urban employment competition pressure, high cost of living coupled with economic burdens, and household registration and social resource barriers constitute the primary "push" factors. Conversely, national policy support, emotional attachment to one’s hometown and the need for value realization, as well as grassroots development opportunities and growth potential, serve as the main "pull" factors. University counselors play a significant guiding role in the employment decision-making process of rural college students. Through ideological guidance, information dissemination, capacity building, and psychological support, they enhance students’ job-seeking capabilities and adaptability to grassroots work, thereby strengthening their identification with such career paths. This paper provides practical insights for counselors facilitating the return of rural college students to grassroots employment.

 摘要： [Objectives] To extract and purify perfluoroalkyl and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) from aquatic products and determine the optimal pretreatment conditions. [Methods] The QuEChERS method was employed for the extraction and purification of PFAS in aquatic products. The detection of PFAS was carried out using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) in ESI negative ion mode with multiple reaction monitoring (MRM), and quantification was performed using the external standard method. By optimizing instrument parameters such as ion source temperature, spray voltage, and collision energy, high selectivity and sensitivity of the detection were ensured. [Results] The established calibration curves for 28 PFAS compounds compounds, covering a range of 0.02 to 20 ng/mL, demonstrated excellent linearity. Spike recovery tests yielded limits of detection (LOD) between 0.02 and 0.5 μg/kg for the 28 PFAS compounds compounds, with recovery rates ranging from 72.2% to 113.0%. [Conclusions] The method established in this study demonstrates excellent linearity, and is accurate, reliable, efficient, simple, and rapid. It possesses considerable practical applicability and can be used for the quality and risk assessment of 28 PFAS compounds compounds in aquatic products, indicating high practical utility.

 摘要： Animal husbandry is an essential pillar sector in China. However, the wastewater including a mixture of feces, urine, and flushing water from livestock and poultry farming poses serious environmental risks if not properly managed or over-applied. This paper analyzes the existing challenges in the utilization of livestock manure, focusing on source control, process management, and end-use treatment. To address these issues, it proposes establishing a sustainable long-term mechanism. Key recommendations include enhancing source control, strengthening policy support to alleviate the financial burden on enterprises, aligning with market demands, intensifying the promotion of technologies and equipment development, and improving manure quality. In addition, advocating for grain-efficient animal husbandry and promoting diversified utilization through bio-chain approaches are essential.

 摘要： To investigate the characteristics of water environmental pollution in the Nenjiang River Basin, five monitoring sections, including Zhenxi, Xianghai Reservoir, Baishatan, Yuelianghu Reservoir, and Da’an, were selected. Utilizing water quality monitoring data collected from 2013 to 2022, the fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method was employed to systematically analyze the spatiotemporal variation patterns of water quality, assess the current pollution status, and identify the influencing factors of non-point source pollution. The results indicated that the concentrations of representative pollutants at five sections in the lower reaches of the Nenjiang River generally exhibited a downward trend, accompanied by an overall improvement in water quality. However, the degree of improvement varied considerably among the different sections. Specifically, the water quality of the main stream of the Nenjiang River (Baishatan and Da’an) improved from Class IV to Class III. In contrast, the Xianghai Reservoir consistently remained at Class V or below, primarily due to excessive fluoride levels. The water quality at Yuelianghu Reservoir and Heidimiao Section demonstrated a fluctuating but overall improving trend. Based on the analysis of pollution sources, targeted recommendations are proposed, including regulating the ecological water requirements of rivers, restoring wetland ecosystems, and enhancing the management of non-point source pollution. These measures offer scientific support for water quality management and ecological conservation in the river basins.

 摘要： [Objectives] To clarify the effects of varying potassium application rates on leaf growth and soil mineral nutrients of greenhouse peaches, and to identify the optimal potassium fertilizer dosage. [Methods] Using the greenhouse peach superior line C26-7-17 as the test material and maintaining a fixed ratio of nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizers, five potassium fertilizer treatment groups were established. The application rates of potassium sulfate were 0, 67, 135, 202, and 269 g/plant, respectively. The regulatory effects of varying potassium application rates were analyzed by measuring leaf area, chlorophyll content, and soil mineral element content. [Results] Applying nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium fertilizers in specific proportions increased the leaf area of greenhouse peaches, enhanced chlorophyll content, and significantly improved the soil’s nutritional status. Considering the overall optimization of soil nutrients, the recommended potassium fertilizer dosage under the experimental conditions was 202 g/plant. [Conclusions] This study offers theoretical insights that may enhance the quality and efficiency of greenhouse peaches, as well as inform nutrient management strategies.

 摘要： Using maize varieties including Zhengdan 958, Xianyu 335, Yudan 132, Xundan 20, Lianchuang 808, and Dingyou 163 as experimental materials, this study investigated the effects of two ethephon compound agents on the lodging resistance and yield of different maize varieties across various ecological regions. The results demonstrated that the lodging resistance of maize was significantly enhanced after the application of the two chemical control agents. Specifically, the lodging rate of Xundan 20 was reduced by 6.1 percentage points following treatment with benzylaminopurine (6-BA)·ethephon (ETH), while the lodging rate of Zhengdan 958 was decreased by 6.2 percentage points after treatment with diethyl aminoethyl hexanoate (DTA-6)·ETH. In the Shangqiu area, treatment of Lianchuang 808 with DTA-6·ETH reduced its ear height coefficient by 9.8 percentage points, whereas in the Zhumadian area, treatment of Dingyou 163 with 6-BA·ETH lowered its ear height coefficient by 11.3 percentage points. Additionally, both ethephon compound agents improved the stalk puncture strength of maize. For the same maize variety, phenotypic traits such as ear length, ear diameter, and number of kernel rows showed no significant differences under different chemical control treatments. However, traits including kernel number per row, 1 000-kernel weight, and yield exhibited significant variations across treatments and years. Moreover, the yield performance of maize varieties after chemical control treatment varied by region. In Hebi, Zhoukou, and Zhumadian areas, the yield under the DTA-6·ETH treatment surpassed that under the 6-BA·ETH treatment, with average yield increases of 4.22%, 8.41%, and 5.67% compared to the clear water control (CK), respectively. Conversely, in Shangqiu, Nanyang, and Changge areas, the 6-BA·ETH treatment outperformed DTA-6·ETH, resulting in average yield increases of 6.96%, 7.54%, and 5.56% relative to CK.

 摘要： [Objectives] To elucidate the spatial variation characteristics and fertility status of soil nutrients in small-scale mountain tea gardens and to inform precise fertilization and nutrient management practices in these tea gardens. [Methods] Based on soil nutrient data collected from 72 sampling points in the tea garden in 2021, which covers an area of approximately 2.4 km2, the spatial variation characteristics were analyzed using geostatistical methods. Spatial distribution maps of soil pH, total nitrogen, available phosphorus, and available potassium were generated employing the ordinary Kriging interpolation method in Surfer 23 software. Furthermore, a quantitative assessment of soil fertility was performed utilizing the fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method. [Results] The majority of the soil in the tea garden was acidic. The average values for pH, organic matter, total nitrogen, available phosphorus, and available potassium were 4.66, 14.4 g/kg, 0.9 g/kg, 6.2 mg/kg, and 78.1 mg/kg, respectively. The pH exhibited the lowest coefficient of variation at 12.85%, indicating low variability. The coefficients of variation for organic matter, total nitrogen, and available potassium ranged from 31.94% to 49.88%, reflecting moderate variability. In contrast, the coefficient of variation for available phosphorus was 243.41%, indicating high variability. The distribution of soil pH and available phosphorus in the study area was relatively uniform. In contrast, total nitrogen content exhibited a spatial pattern characterized by higher concentrations in the western region and lower concentrations in the eastern region. Organic matter content displayed a spatial distribution pattern with lower values centrally and higher values along the periphery. The distribution of available potassium content was marked by several pronounced "elevations" and "depressions", with notably lower levels observed in the northeastern region of the garden. Total nitrogen and organic matter were the most significant contributors to the integrated fertility index (IIFI), each with a weight value of 0.29, whereas pH had the lowest weight value of 0.14. The proportions of tea garden soils categorized under IIFI grades I to V were 0.26%, 69.55%, 25.89%, 4.30%, and 0.002 2%, respectively. [Conclusions] It is recommended that the application of phosphorus fertilizer should be reduced in the study area, whereas the use of potassium fertilizer should be increased in the northeastern region. Additionally, the incorporation of organic and nitrogen fertilizers is advised to improve the soil’s capacity for water and nutrient retention.

 摘要： [Objectives] To evaluate the effects of shell length and shucking of Ruditapes philippinarum on Scylla paramamosain. [Methods] Feeding different-sized mud crabs with shucked or unshelled R. philippinarum of various shell lengths for 60 d, their growth performance and energy allocation patterns were evaluated. [Results] Survival rates were high across all treatments, with only sporadic mortality observed during the experiment. When fed unshelled clams, the weight gain rate and specific growth rate of smaller crabs were significantly higher than those of larger crabs, showing a clear decreasing trend with increasing initial body mass. Crabs with an initial mass of 3.86 g allocated significantly less energy to growth than those with an initial mass of 49.83 g. Crabs with an initial mass of 49.83 g had a significantly lower proportion of energy lost in molting than those with an initial mass of 260.41 g. Crabs with an initial mass of 3.86 g had a significantly higher proportion of energy lost in feces than those with initial masses of 182.48 and 260.41 g. No significant differences were found in the proportions of energy allocated to nitrogen excretion and metabolic consumption. When crabs within an initial mass range of 202.76-210.25 g were fed with clams of different shell lengths, no significant differences were observed in their growth performance or energy allocation indicators. Feeding shucked versus unshelled clams to crabs of different initial sizes resulted in significant differences in growth performance based on the crab’s initial size, but the removal of clam shells had no significant effect. As the initial mass of the crabs increased, the proportion of energy lost through molting increased significantly, while the proportion lost in feces decreased significantly. However, whether the clams were removed or not had no significant impact on the crabs’ energy allocation indicators. [Conclusions] The initial body mass of the crabs significantly influences growth performance and energy allocation across different treatments, whereas clam shell length and shell removal have minor effects.