| 摘要 |
[Objectives] To conduct the pharmacognostic identification of Hedyotis auricularia and Mitracarpus villosus in Guangxi and provide a scientific basis for their identification. [Methods] The characteristics of original plants were studied by origin identification method; the properties and characteristics were studied by character identification method; and the microscopic features of the roots, stems, leaves and medicinal powder of H. auricularia and M. villosus in Guangxi were studied by paraffin method and powder slicing method. [Results] (i) Origin identification. H. auricularia: Leaves leathery, apex acuminate, base cuneate; petiole shorter; cyme axillary; corolla hairy at throat; fruit indehiscent at maturity; testa black after drying. M. villosus: Leaf apex short pointed, base attenuate, blade sessile; flowers small, clustered in axillary; fruits dehiscent by lid at or below middle at maturity, seeds dark brown. (ii) Character identification. Fracture surface of H. auricularia uneven, white in outer layer and sepia in inner layer. Fracture surface of M. villosus hollow, uneven and white. (iii) Microscopic identification. H. auricularia: Root phloem thick, cambium visible, duct cells quasi-polygonal, large; rays obvious. Stem transection quasi-circular square, often with non-glandular hairs on epidermis; calcium oxalate raphides present in leaf parenchymal cells. Power grayish brown, starch granules single-grained; calcium oxalate raphides frequent, calcium oxalate clustered crystals occasional; catheter spiral, rarely annular, stomata infinitive. M. villosus: Root parenchyma cells with scattered calcium oxalate raphides, calcium oxalate clustered crystals and brownish red substances visible. Stem transection quasi-square, edge angle with 4 short narrow wings. Powder brown, simple starch granules numerous, compound starch granules also present; calcium oxalate raphides numerous, calcium oxalate clustered crystals and calcium oxalate square cubic crystals also present; catheter spiral, stomata paracytic. [Conclusions] The above transaction microscopic characteristics of the roots, stems and leaves and powder characteristics can be used as the identification features of H. auricularia and M. villosus. |
