| 摘要 |
［Objectives］ The paper was to ascertain the prevalence of diseases and pests in a range of citrus nurseries situated in Guangdong Province and its neighboring provinces. ［Methods］ Citrus diseases and pests were systematically investigated, and citrus leaf samples were randomly collected from 15 citrus nurseries across 8 regions in Guangdong Province and its neighboring provinces. Quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) and reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) techniques were employed to detect diseases in the collected samples. Additionally, root and substrate samples were obtained, and root-knot nematodes were isolated using the Baermann funnel method. ［Results］ The positive detection rate of citrus huanglongbing (HLB) was recorded at 3%, indicating an increase in attention towards this disease compared to 2013. Additionally, the positive detection rate for citrus bacterial canker disease (CBCD) was found to be 16.5%. It was observed that the majority of nurseries with positive samples employed open field rearing practices without the use of mesh chambers, and the primary source of scions was self-propagation. The detection rate of citrus tristeza virus (CTV) was found to be the highest, with a positive detection rate of 63%, and the prevalence in disease-bearing nurseries reached as high as 90%. In comparison to 2013, there had been no improvement in the condition of seedlings affected by CTV. The positive detection rate of citrus yellow vein clearing virus (CYVCV) was found to be 38%, with 70% of the surveyed nurseries exhibiting the disease. The citrus varieties identified as carriers of the disease included ‘Qicheng’, ‘Shatangju’, ‘Wogan’, and ‘Gonggan’. Nematodes were isolated from the matrix and roots of seedlings grown in both container and open field environments. The susceptibility of container seedlings to nematodes was found to be 36.4%, while the susceptibility of open field seedlings was 38.6%. Statistical analysis indicated no significant difference in susceptibility between the two groups. ［Conclusions］ The disease detection rates associated with various seedling rearing methods and citrus varieties exhibited notable variability. Open field seedlings without the protection of mesh chambers demonstrated a higher susceptibility to disease. Additionally, the types of infectious diseases varied among the different citrus varieties. |
