| 摘要 |
［Objectives］ The paper was to explore the prevention and therapeutic schedule of tobacco black shank. ［Methods］ Different concentrations of 25 g/L fludioxonil·37.5 g/L metalaxyl-M, 10 billion/mL Bacillus amyloliquefaciens, 110 g/L amino acids·24 g/L manganese zinc, 120 g/L calcium·20 g/L magnesium, and 4% metalaxyl-M· 64% mancozeb were employed to assess their efficacy in controlling tobacco black shank. The disease index was subsequently evaluated. ［Results］ 25 g/L fludioxonil·37.5 g/L metalaxyl-M+10 billion/mL B. amyloliquefaciens+110 g/L amino acids·24 g/L manganese zinc(transplanting dosage)or 120 g/L calcium·20 g/L magnesium(sealing dosage) (transplanting dosage: 750 mL/hm2+1.2×104 mL/hm2+1.5×103 mL/hm2, sealing dosage: 1.5×103 mL/hm2+1.2×104 mL/hm2+1.5×103 mL/hm2) resulted in a notable impact on the prevention of tobacco black shank. The incidence in the treated area was 10.78%, a 35.72% reduction compared to the control. The estimated yield was 99 700 yuan/hm2, a 34.91% increase compared to the control. 25 g/L fludioxonil·37.5 g/L metalaxyl-M+10 billion/mL B. amyloliquefaciens+120 g/L calcium·20 g/L magnesium+4% metalaxyl-M· 64% mancozeb (control dosage: 1.5×103 mL/hm2+1.2×104 mL/hm2+1.5×103 mL/hm2+1.5×103 g/hm2, 1.5×103 mL/hm2+1.2×104 mL/hm2+1.5×103 mL/hm2+1.5×103 g/hm2, with an interval of 7 d between applications) demonstrated a significant efficacy in controlling tobacco black shank. At 7 d following the second application, the relative preventive efficacy was observed to be 88.99%. Additionally, the estimated yield was 109 900 yuan/hm2, representing an increase of 244.51% compared to the control. ［Conclusions］ During the transplanting and sealing stages, 25 g/L fludioxonil·37.5 g/L metalaxyl-M+10 billion/mL B. amyloliquefaciens+110 g/L amino acids·24 g/L manganese zinc(transplanting dosage)or 120 g/L calcium·20 g/L magnesium (sealing dosage) may be employed to enhance the growth of tobacco plants and mitigate the occurrence of tobacco black shank. Additionally, 25 g/L fludioxonil·37.5 g/L metalaxyl-M+10 billion/mL B. amyloliquefaciens+120 g/L calcium·20 g/L magnesium+4% metalaxyl-M· 64% mancozeb can be utilized for the treatment of tobacco black shank during the initial incidence stage. |
