| 摘要 |
[Objectives] To provide a reference for the promotion of appropriate row spacing configuration modes for cotton planting in the Bortala Mongol Autonomous Prefecture of Xinjiang. [Methods] Xinluzao 63 was employed as the research subject to examine the effects of three different configuration modes: three rows with one film, four rows with one film, and six rows with one film, on the growth and development of cotton, as well as on yield and the amount of residual film in the field. [Results] In comparison to the configuration modes of four rows with one film and six rows with one film, the development process in the row spacing configuration mode of three rows with one film was accelerated by 1-4 d. This configuration mode exhibited variability in several agronomic traits, particularly in plant height, the number of fruiting branches per plant, and the number of leaves per plant, with the observed trend indicating T3 > T2 > T1. Conversely, the height of the first fruiting branch node displayed an inverse trend. In terms of yield composition, no significant differences were observed in boll weight and yield among various configuration modes. However, T3 exhibited the highest boll weight at 5.68 g and a yield of 462.67 kg/667 m². Additionally, significant differences were noted in harvesting density and the number of bolls per plant. T3 demonstrated the lowest harvesting density at 1.11×104 plants/666.7 m², the highest number of bolls per plant at 8.63, and the highest boll opening rate at 97.48%. Furthermore, T3 also resulted in the least amount of agricultural film residue during the current season. [Conclusions] Among the three planting configuration modes examined, the low-density planting configuration mode consisting of three rows and one film demonstrated a significant advantage at the individual plant level. This approach yielded results comparable to those of the high density planting configuration mode while also reducing costs. Furthermore, low density planting positively influenced the cotton boll opening rate, leading to a decreased amount of residual film and promoting ecological health within the agricultural land. |
